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Data Types

The expression language supports six data types.

Number​

Integer and floating-point numbers.

42
3.14
-7
0.5

Numbers support all arithmetic operations. Division by zero returns Infinity or -Infinity.

String​

Text enclosed in single quotes, double quotes, or backticks.

"hello"
'world'
`template`

Backtick strings support interpolation when enableTemplateStrings is enabled -- see Template Strings.

Strings can be concatenated with the + operator:

"Hello" + " " + "World"

Boolean​

The values true and false.

true
false

Booleans are the result of comparison and logical operators and are required by conditional expressions.

Null​

The value null represents the absence of a value.

null

Use the type-checking functions isNull(value) and isDefined(value) to test for null.

Array​

Ordered collections of values (requires enableArrays, which is enabled by default).

[1, 2, 3]
["a", "b", "c"]
[true, 42, "mixed"]

Arrays can contain any data type, including nested arrays. See Arrays for indexing and array functions.

Date​

Date objects represent a specific point in time. There is no date literal syntax -- dates are created via built-in functions or passed through the evaluation context.

now()                         // current date/time
date(2024, 3, 15)            // March 15, 2024
parseDate("2024-03-15")      // March 15, 2024

Dates support comparison operators (>, <, >=, <=) and subtraction (-) via numeric coercion. Use type(d) to check for "date" and isDate(d) for type checking.

See Built-in Functions for the full list of date creation, extraction, formatting, and arithmetic functions.